good dog, smart dog...and service horses?

animals are freakin smart. considering what we give them, it is amazing what they can do for us. the times this week asked the question, just how "smart" are service animals? the old learning vs mimicry argument that has been the crux of so many animal study arguments over the years.

i don't know why it is so hard for some people to accept that animal cognition goes beyond mimicry. one of my favorite case studies over the years has been the infamous Koko, the gorilla. Koko has been the focus of Dr. Penny Patterson's life for over 25 years. Koko has a vocabulary of over 1,000 words (sign language) and understands over 2,000 spoken english words. there is a really wonderful documentary from the late 70s by a french director Schroeder that documents Koko's life to that point. i don't see how anyone could see it and believe Koko is simply mimicking for treats. there is a whole foundation around KoKo now, and honestly it's a little depressing. here is this amazing creature, clearly intelligent, with wishes and desires of her own--primarily to have a baby, who has no companions of her own species and is used to raise money and hock bizarre children events.

but that is maybe a different issue than service animals, though can we really judge whether animals have wishes and dreams and that higher intelligence, like primates Koko and her brother had?

well i think they are pretty smart. the recent times article talks about labradodle, Jet, who "has been trained to anticipate seizures, panic attacks and plunging blood sugar and will alert his owner to these things by staring intently at her until she does something about the problem. He will drop a toy in her lap to snap her out of a dissociative state. If she has a seizure, he will position himself so that his body is under her head to cushion a fall."  damn. that's pretty good.

i've been following the amazing abilities of service animals for a while. i remember one fascinating case of a dog helping a iraq vet who suffered from post traumatic stress. among other things, this dog went ahead of his owner to check corners and blindspots. the soldier would have attacks when surprised which manifested even walking down aisles. the dog was able to warn the man of approaching strangers, and thus alleviate the surprise and avert the attack.

this article also talks about dogs' ability to preempt behavior-similar to the dog "warning" of strangers- but even more significantly, dogs who sense seizures before they happen, who can interrupt suicide and self mutilation. dogs and possibly cats have also been shown to "sniff out" and identify cancers!

it's not just dogs. miniature horses are used by some blind people, primarily because not only are they smart, but can live up to 30 years--the same time would take some 6 or more service dogs. another times piece pointed out the far reaches of service animal varieties: "first it was guide dogs for the blind; now it’s monkeys for quadriplegia and agoraphobia, guide miniature horses, a goat for muscular dystrophy, a parrot for psychosis and any number of animals for anxiety, including cats, ferrets, pigs, at least one iguana and a duck."

though it may seem all too much, i think it is hard to disregard the relationships between these animals and their, well... patients. Jim Eggers is a man with "bipolar disorder with psychotic tendencies and homicidal feelings" who uses an assistance parrot, Sadie, to help control himself. the man has been arrested on numerous occasions due to his outbursts and actions. now (at least at the time of the article) his parrot Sadie rides in a pack on his back. when Sadie senses an episode coming she "talks him down, saying: “It’s O.K., Jim. Calm down, Jim. You’re all right, Jim. I’m here, Jim.” fascinatingly, Sadie is not a trained service animal. abused and abandoned, she was given to jim as a gift from a friend who worked at a pet store. Jim nursed her back to health. when jim was in the midst of episodes he would yell out “It’s O.K., Jim! You’re all right, Jim! Calm down, Jim!”

as parrots do, she started copying him. he found she calmed him down better than he did himself and he started rewarding her for it. eventually, she preempted his attacks. crazy

then there is "Helping Hands" which breeds and trains capuchin monkeys to aid quadriplegic and other people with severe spinal cord injuries or mobility-impairments. monkeys really are the best because their little opposable thumbs mean they can do just about everything.

but thinking of poor koko, monkeys worry me.  a service animal has very little choice in their "profession." puppies don't get to choose a life risen by inmates then a lifetime of hard work for a fragmented human.

while i may feel ambivilant about primate helpers, so close to human already, in the "good dog, smart dog" article Dr. Clive Wynne who studies dog cognition and has worked with dogs that understood over 1,000 words has some advice about thinking about service dogs: “I take the view that dogs have their own unique way of thinking,” Dr. Wynne said. “It’s a happy accident that doggie thinking and human thinking overlap enough that we can have these relationships with dogs, but we shouldn’t kid ourselves that dogs are viewing the world the way we do.”

note that neither cody nor kayack, pictured above, had a skill set that went much beyond digesting anything they could get their tongue on.

chui has other priorities.

end of an era

it is hard to believe sweet cody had to be put to sleep last night. when her brother kayack was put down before christmas, it wasn't really a surprise. he was old for a golden, afflicted with all the ailments of a pure bred. cody may have had purebred papers, but we always knew she had a little something mixed in. that broad back, wide belly, spotted tongue... like her dideriksen sisters. ;)

mother says she was wagging her tail to the end. was she happy? she was a mess, that's for sure. all over an infected cut in her mouth! a cut that turned into an abscess that needed a tooth pulled that left a bleeding mouth that just wouldn't stop bleeding! even weeks later.

a girl after my own heart, she hurt herself doing the one thing she couldn't resist- eating. like the "Marley" dog, cody could and would eat anything, be it animal, vegetable, mineral... plastic, metal, wood.

my teenage years could be written around the care of those puppies. the comings and goings, the things they saw. i hope they had wild adventures when they were allowed to run free in the mountains. enough to store up for the long hours in durham. climbing through the trees and the cowpies, i hope they had plots fit for pixar.

sleep well, puppies.

safari ngema Kayak

sitting in the grass, enjoying the view, however it is my first chance to reflect on the recent tragedy, though expected, from home. kayak, one of our families two golden retrievers, bought when we moved into pinecrest road, had to be put to sleep. i dug through my boxes and found my hard drive, expecting to find my stores of family photos. alas, it seems they all disappeared into the ether when my last computer died, leaving me one lonely picture. it is unthinkable. they must surely be hidden on a disc somewhere. the hundreds of pictures of that well loved goofball must be somewhere. i couldn't bear it otherwise.

i just read a study in the times about dogs and empathy. for centuries dogs have held a special place in peoples' hearts and lives, but now they have quantified this connection between man and beast with a simple study of yawning. it seems dogs have the ability to empathize with humans, even strangers, proven by their ability to "catch" a yawn from humans.

for me kayak and his sister cody, whose grief cannot be imagined, will always be intwined with high school and home and durham and boone and friends and long weekends without parents, and jogging through duke forest--them pulling me along, then me pulling them--and lying on the floor, cuddled in fur, held close against loneliness, in silent understanding and love as only a dog knows how.